CHEMISTRY
HANDBOOK
FOR MAJORS
AND
POTENTIAL MAJORS
2007-08
Fall, 2007
To the student:
This Handbook is
prepared expressly for you. Its purpose
is to provide an introduction to the Department of Chemistry at
Students who have not declared a major should feel free to direct academic inquiries to the Director of Undergraduate Studies Group ( J. Bonk, R. MacPhail, and C. Roy). If you feel that we can be of assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us at dus@chem.duke.edu.
Once a major in Chemistry is declared, the student is assigned a faculty adviser in the Department who is available for consultation at any time during the academic year.
On behalf of the Chairman, Professor Warren Warren and our colleagues in the Department, we invite you to consider one of the degree programs described in the pages of this Handbook.
Most sincerely yours,
James F. Bonk
Director of Undergraduate Studies
in Chemistry
Richard A. MacPhail
Co-Director of Undergraduate Studies
in Chemistry
Christopher P. Roy
Associate Director of Undergraduate Studies
in Chemistry
HANDBOOK FOR MAJORS
AND
POTENTIAL MAJORS
2007-08
Table of Contents
Small Group Learning Experiences
REQUIREMENTS FOR A CHEMISTRY MAJOR
B.S. Degree with Concentration in Biochemistry
B.S. Degree with Concentration in Pharmacology
B.S. Degree with Concentration in Environmental Chemistry
Sequence of Core Courses For the B.S. Degree
A.B. Degree with Concentration in Biochemistry
A.B. Degree with Concentration in Pharmacology
A.B. Degree with Concentration in Environmental Chemistry
Sequence of Core Courses For the A.B. Degree
REQUIREMENTS FOR A CHEMISTRY MINOR
SMALL GROUP LEARNING EXPERIENCES
EVENTS REQUIRED FOR INDEPENDENT STUDY
Director of Undergraduate Studies
EMPLOYMENT WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT
INFORMATION FOR UNDERGRADUATES
ON THE CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT WEB SITE
THE DEPARTMENT
Chairman Warren
Warren
2217
Director of
Undergraduate Studies James
F. Bonk
1223
Co-Director of
Undergraduate Studies Richard A.
MacPhail
1216
Associate Director
of Undergraduate Studies/ Christopher P. Roy
Supervisor of
Freshman Instruction 1222
Independent Study
Coordinator Christopher P. Roy
1222
The Chemistry Department consists of
21 full time faculty members plus one visiting professor, and five faculty
members from other departments who hold secondary appointments in the Chemistry
Department. All faculty members hold the
Ph.D. degree and participate in undergraduate instruction including classroom
teaching, undergraduate research, and advising. The following is a listing of
the faculty, their office numbers in the French Family Science Center (FFSC) or
in Levine Science Research Center (LSRC), and the general area of their
teaching and research.
FACULTY
Akhremitchev, Boris B.,
Assistant Professor, Physical, 1102 FFSC
Baldwin, Steven W.,
Professor, Organic, 1101 FFSC
Beratan, David N., R.J.
Reynolds Professor, Physical, 5311 FFSC
Bonk, James F.,
Professor, Inorganic, 1223 FFSC
Coltart, Donald M.,
Assistant Professor, Organic, 3219 FFSC
Craig, Stephen L.,
Assistant Professor, Organic, 3221 FFSC
Crumbliss, Al L.,
Professor, Inorganic, 2104 FFSC
Fitzgerald, Michael C.,
Associate Professor, Analytical, 3222 FFSC
Franz, Katherine J.,
Assistant Professor, Inorganic, 2103 FFSC
Hong, Jiyong, Assistant
Professor, Organic, 3220 FFSC
Liu, Jie, Associate
Professor, Physical, 3218 FFSC
MacPhail, Richard A.,
Associate Professor, Physical, 1216 FFSC
McCafferty, Dewey G.,
Professor, Organic, Room B219 LSRC
McLendon, George L.,
Dean of Faculty of Arts and Sciences, 104 Allen Bldg.
Palmer, Richard A.,
Professor, Inorganic, 2102 FFSC
Shaw, Barbara Ramsay,
Millen Professor, Biophysical, 2105 FFSC
Simon, John D., Vice
Provost for Academic Affairs, Physical, 1104 FFSC
Toone, Eric J.,
Professor, Organic, Room B120 LSRC
Vo-dinh, Tuan,
Professor, Biomedical Engineering, 2589 CEIMAS
Widenhoefer, Ross A.,
Associate Professor, Organic, 2101 FFSC
Yang, Weitao, Philip
Handler Professor, Physical, 5308 FFSC
SECONDARY-APPOINTMENT FACULTY
Agre,
Peter, Vice-Chancellor for Science & Technology, Room 108 Davison
Oas,
Terrence G., Associate Professor, Biochemistry, 436 Nanaline Duke Bldg.
Reichert, William M., Professor, 1389
CIEMAS
Stapleton, Heather, Assistant
Professor, A220 LSRC
ADJUNCT AND VISITING FACULTY
Langley,
Anne, Adjunct Professor of Chemistry, 226 Bostoc
Ludeman,
Susan, Adjunct Associate Professor of Chemistry, 397 Medical Science
Research
Mukundan,
Nancy E., Visiting Assistant Professor, 3213 FFSC
INSTRUCTORS
Box,
Melinda, Introductory Chemistry Laboratory Manager, 1226 FFSC
Lyle,
Kenneth. S., Instructor, Laboratory Demonstrator, 1242 FFSC
Motten,
Ann G., Instructor in Writing-in-the-Discipline, 1105 FFSC
Roy,
Christopher P., Lecturer, 1222 FFSC
Sebahar,
Holly L., Organic Chemistry Laboratory Manager, 1225 FFSC
Woerner,
Todd E., Advanced Laboratory Manager, 1224 FFSC
COURSES OF INSTRUCTION
(Note:
QID applies only to students matriculating pre-5/04)
19 General Chemistry Credit
Pre-matriculation credit awarded on the
basis of national/international examinations in chemistry such as College
Board, International Baccalaureate, or British Advanced Level. Depending on examination performance,
placement may be for Chemistry 22L, 23L, or 151L. One course.
83 Chemistry, Technology, and Society (NS, QID, STS)
Science, the scientific method, and
background topics from chemistry, biochemistry, and environmental chemistry
that enable citizens to utilize the inductive-deductive methodology of science
to better evaluate the potential benefits and risks associated with selected
existing and proposed technologies.
Intended primarily for non-majors.
One course. Staff.
93FCS.01 The
Drama of Science (ALP, STS). This course explores how the dramatic form
has been used to portray the principles], history, ethical conflicts, and
controversies that have characterized the scientific enterprise and its
practitioners, from the earliest days of modern science to the present. Focus
course. One course. Staff. Fall only.
93FCS.02 Ethics in Modern Science (NS, EI).This course will exploree the continuum of ethical issues facing practicing scientists. Issues of outright fraud, medical issues, intellectual property, funding, peer review, and gender and race will all be explored. Focus course. One course. Staff.
The
following courses are usually required of all chemistry majors, regardless of
degree program (B.S. or A.B.)
or specialization program.
21L General
Chemistry (NS, QID)
Emphasizes stoichiometry and atomic
and molecular structure, including some applications to related fields such as
biology and materials science.
Laboratory work includes both qualitative and quantitative
analysis. Prerequisite: one year of high school chemistry, a score of
610 on the Mathematics SAT or its equivalent, or consent of the supervisor of
first-year instruction. Instructor: Staff.
One course. fall, spring and summer-I.
(May be followed by either Chemistry 22L or Chemistry 23L.)
22L General
Chemistry (NS, QID)
Emphasizes thermodynamics, chemical
kinetics and equilibrium including some applications to related fields such as
biology and materials science.
Laboratory work includes both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Prerequisite:
Chemistry 19, 21L or consent of the supervisor of first-year
instruction. Instructor: Staff.
One course. Fall, spring, summer-I, and summer-II.
23L Accelerated
General Chemistry (NS, QID)
An intensive introductory course for
well-prepared students, covering in one semester the major topics of Chemistry
21L and 22L. Laboratory work includes
both qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Students may receive credit for only one of the following: Chemistry 22L, 42L or Chemistry 23L.
Prerequisites: Score of 3 or 4 on the Chemistry Advanced Placement Examination
or a satisfactory score on a Duke administered chemistry placement
examination. One course. Staff. Fall only.
41L Honors
General Chemistry (NS, QID,
STS) Not taught in 2007-2008.
Presents the currriculum of general
chemistry in a "topics" approach; a series of discussions covering
current research efforts will be used to illuminate the various fundamental
concepts of chemistry. Chemistry 41
introduces concepts of atomic structure and properties, bonding, chemical
reactions, electronic structure of atoms, organic chemistry, and
biochemistry. Laboratory work includes
both qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Prerequisite: two years of HS chemistry or consent of instructor. One course.
M. Fitzgerald or J. Simon.
42L Honors
General Chemistry (N0S, QID,
STS) Not taught in 2007-2008.
Continuation of Chemistry 41L. Topics include thermodynamics, reaction
kinetics, chemical equilibria, electrochemistry, and nuclear chemistry. Laboratory work includes both qualitative and
quantitative analysis.
Prerequisite: Chemistry 41L. One course.
M. Fitzgerald, J. Simon, or W. Yang.
105S Special
Topics in Chemistry
Seminar on special topics in chemistry
and chemistry-related areas. Content
varies by semester.
131 Analytical
Chemistry (NS, QID)
Fundamentals
of qualitative and quantitative measurement with emphasis on chemometrics,
electrochemical methods, and common separation techniques. Chemistry 133L may be taken simultaneously or
in a later semester. Prerequisite: Chemistry 163L, 167L or 168L. One course. M. Fitzgerald. Fall only.
133L Analytical
Chemistry Laboratory (NS, QID)
Laboratory experiments designed to
illustrate topics covered in Chemistry 131. Prerequisite (or corequisite):
Chemistry 131. Half course. Staff. Fall and spring.
151L, 152L. Organic
Chemistry (NS, STS, QID)
The structures and reactions of the
compounds of carbon. Laboratory:
techniques of separation, organic reactions and preparation, and systematic
identification of compounds by their spectral and chemical properties.
Pre-requisite: Chemistry 19, 22L, 42L, or 23L, or the consent of the Director
of Undergraduate Studies. Chemistry 151L is a prerequisite for 152L. One coure
each. S. Baldwin, D. Coltart, S. Craig, D. McCafferty, E. Toone or R.
Widenhoefer. Chemistry 151-fall, spring and summer-I, Chemistry 152-fall,
spring, summer-I, and summer-II.
161 Elements
of Physical Chemistry (NS, QID)
Survey of physical chemistry including quantum chemistry,
molecular structure, molecular
spectroscopy, thermodynamics and kinetics. Followed by: Chemistry 163L. Prerequisites:
Chemistry 22L, 42L (or 23L or 19), Physics 52L(or 54L),
and Mathematics 32L. With
permission of instructor, Physics prerequisites may be
taken as corequisites. Courses
transferred as PHY 888 may also be acceptable. One course. D. Beratan, J. Liu,
R. MacPhail, J. Simon, or W. Yang. Fall only.
163L Physical
Chemistry Laboratory (NS, QID, W)
Laboratory experiments designed to
illustrate topics covered in Chemistry 161. Prerequisite:
Chemistry 161. Half course. Staff.
Spring only.
165, 166. Physical
Chemistry (NS, QID)
Fundamentals of physical
chemistry. Chemistry165: emphasizes
quantum chemistry, molecular structure, and molecular spectroscopy. 166: emphasizes thermodynamics and
kinetics. Chemistry 167L should be taken
concurrently with Chemistry 165.
Chemistry 168L should be taken concurrently with Chemistry 166. Prerequisites for Chemistry 165: 22L or 42L (or 23L or 19), Physics 62L (or
54L), and Mathematics 103. Chemistry 165 (or permission of instructor) is a
prerequisite for Chemistry 166. Courses
transferred as PHY 888 may also be acceptable. One course each. D. Beratan, J. Liu, R. MacPhail, J. Simon, or
W. Yang. 165-fall, 166-spring.
167L, 168L. Physical
Chemistry Laboratory (NS, QID, W)
Laboratory experiments designed to accompany Chemistry 165, 166;
respectively. Prere-
quisite (or corequisite): Chemistry 165 for 167L and 166
for 168L. Half course each. Staff.
167L-fall, 168L-spring.
ADVANCED COURSES
110 Chemical Information Retrieval (NS, W)
Techniques for manual and on-line
searching of the major sources of chemical information,
and their application to writing a
review article. Half-course. Staff. Fall
and spring.
117 Inorganic Chemistry (NS, QID)
Bonding, structure, and reactions of
inorganic compounds studied through physical chemical
concepts. Prerequisite: Chemistry 161
(or 165 and 166). One course. A.
Crumbliss, K. Franz,
or R.A. Palmer. Spring only.
158 Physical Organic Synthesis (NS, QID)
Not offered in 2007-2008.
Organic reaction mechanisms including
fundamental techniques and specific mechanistic classes.
Prerequisites: Chemistry 152L and one
semester of physical chemistry. One course. Staff.
176 Biophysical Chemistry (NS, QID)
The physical chemical principles of
and experimental methods employed in the study of
biological macromolecules.
Prerequisites: Chemistry 161 (or 165 and 166) and Biochemistry
227 (or Chemistry 175). One course. B.
Akhremitchev. Spring only.
180L Advanced Laboratory Techniques (NS, QID)
Synthesis of less common substances by
techniques such as high or low pressure,
high or
low temperature, and/or inert
atmospheres. Characterization of
products from measure-
ments such as electrical conductance,
optical rotation, ultraviolet-visible spectra, infrared
spectra, and/or mass spectra. Prerequisite (or corequisite): Chemistry
117. Half course.
Staff. Spring only.
275, 276. Advanced Studies (NS, QID)
(0) Analytical chemistry; (1)
biological chemistry; (2) inorganic chemistry; (3) organic
chemistry; and (4) physical chemistry.
Open to especially well-prepared undergraduates by
consent of the Director of
Undergraduate Studies. One course each. Staff. 275-fall, 276-spring.
SMALL GROUP LEARNING EXPERIENCES
The
following courses may be used to satisfy the College's requirement of small
group learning experiences, while simultaneously satisfying certain
requirements for the major in Chemistry.
26S Introduction
to Research in Chemistry (
Several
weeks of active participation in a chemistry (or chemistry related) research
group along
with seminar classes in which research
activities are discussed. Prerequisite:
Chemistry 21L,
41L, 23L or 19. One course.
Staff. Spring only.
191B, 192, 193, 194. Research
Independent Study (R)
Supervised reading and research. Open
to advanced students with the consent of the Director of Undergraduate Studies.
For further information, see the discussion of Independent Study.
One course each. Staff.
REQUIREMENTS FOR A CHEMISTRY MAJOR
General
statement concerning the transfer of physics courses.
Course(s) transferred as PHY 888 may be substituted
for required physics courses: PHY 53L-54L;
B.S. DEGREE IN CHEMISTRY
The B.S. degree program, accredited by the American Chemical Society, is recommended for students planning to undertake graduate study in Chemistry or a related science (e.g. BCH or PHR) or for those contemplating employment in the chemical industry following graduation.
Prerequisites and Corequisites: Major
Requirements:
CHEM 21L and 22L; or CHEM 41L and
42L; CHEM 151L, 152L
or 23L; or 19
MATH 31L and 32L (or 41), 103 CHEM 165/167L,
166/168L
PHY 53L-54L; OR 61L-62L CHEM 117,
131/133L
CHEM
180L*
Plus three additional courses selected according to
one of the following four options. Note
that only options 1 and 2 are certified by the American Chemical Society.
Option 1.
Certified by the American Chemical Society.
BCH 227 .
Plus two courses of independent study: CHEM 191B,
192, or 2 approved independent study
courses
in a science department in
School
of the Environment, or the
Option 2.
Certified by the American Chemical Society.
BCH 227 .
Plus one of the following: CHEM 176, 275 or 276.
Plus one course of independent study: CHEM 191B or an
approved independent study course in a
science department in
Environment, or the
Option 3. NOT
certified by the American Chemical Society.
One of the following: CHEM 176, 275 or 276.
Plus two courses of independent study: CHEM 191B, 192
or 2 approved independent study
courses
in a science department in
School
of the Environment, or the
Option 4. NOT
certified by the American Chemical Society. (Requires a total of three
courses)
At least 1 of the following: CHEM 191B or 192.
Plus 1 (or 0) of the following: CHEM 176, 275 or 276.
(or) Plus one approved advanced lecture course in a
science department in
* CHEM 180L is REQUIRED in all of the options for the
B.S. Degree in Chemistry (without
concentrations).
B.S. DEGREE IN CHEMISTRY
WITH CONCENTRATION IN BIOCHEMISTRY
In
conjunction with the Department of Biochemistry in the
Prerequisites:
CHEM
21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19;
MATH
31, 32 (or 31L, 32L or 41; and MATH 103 for those electing CHEM 165); PHY
53L-54L; OR
61L-62L; BIO 25L.
Major
Requirements:
CHEM
117, 131/133L, 151L, 152L, 161/163L, 176 (or 165/167L, 166*)
BCH
227, 228; BIO 118, 119, plus one of
the following:
CHEM
191B, BIO 191, or BCH 210.
Recommendations:
MATH
103, CHEM 180L*, 192; BIO 184L, 192; advanced courses in Biochemistry.
*Majors who wish to earn a B.S. degree in chemistry
that is certified by the American Chemical
Society must
include MATH 103 and CHEM 165, 167L, 166, 168L, and 180L.
B.S. DEGREE IN CHEMISTRY
WITH CONCENTRATION IN PHARMACOLOGY
In
conjunction with the Department of Pharmacology in the
Pharmacology
is more than the study of the mode of action of drugs. It is a science which
uses the basic concepts of biology and chemistry to determine how drugs affect
the organism; it gives a unique perspective in understanding how cells, organ
systems, and organisms function. Unlike other basic science fields, pharmacology
combines many disciplines so that one can investigate systematically the
mechanisms underlying a biological event—from the molecular level to the whole
animal. Pharmacology also allows us to study how biological systems fail,
providing information on the etiology of disease and on the mechanisms
underlying toxic reactions. Pharmacologic research is essential for the
development, testing and use of drugs and other bioactive molecules such as
pesticides or industrial chemicals.
The
objective of Pharmacology as an Area of Concentration for Chemistry Majors is
to provide students with knowledge of the basic principles underlying the
design and actions of drugs and toxic substances. In addition, it provides the
opportunity to apply these principles in a research setting. Ultimately, an
introduction of pharmacology to undergraduates will encourage interested
students to consider graduate study in the fields of pharmacology and/or
medicinal chemistry, leading to a career in academic research, in governmental
regulatory agencies, or in industry.
This area of concentration requires that students take specific courses in biological sciences and chemistry in addition to pharmacology, and two semesters of research in Pharmacology. The required courses are Biology 25L (Principles of Biology) and Biochemistry 227 (Introductory Biochemistry) (or Chemistry 175), which will provide the necessary biological background for Chemistry majors to proceed with studies in Pharmacology. Pharmacology 150 (Drug Actions & Reactions) covers the general aspects of the mode of drug action. The course uses a conceptual approach to explain how drugs and toxic agents work. This is followed by Pharm 160 (Drugs, Brain & Behavior), which examines the mechanisms of psychoactive drug action on neuronal systems, effects of chronic drug use, and the neurochemical theories of drug dependence and addiction. Students will also spend 2 semesters of independent study (Pharm 297, 298). An additional semester of independent study is optional (Pharm 299). Mentors for independent study are chosen from a list of approved pharmacology faculty. Other elective pharmacology courses include Pharm 233 (permission only), a graduate course that uses mathematical, chemical, and biochemical principles to describe the mechanism of drug actions with various targets (organs, receptors, enzymes, genomic processes) in biological systems, and a course in Mammalian Toxicology (Pharm 254). Students who wish to engage in service learning might consider Pharm 197, 198, to perform a research project that involves science education with respect to pharmacology.
Prerequisites:
CHEM
21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19;
MATH
31, 32 (or 31L, 32L or 41; and MATH 103 for those electing CHEM 165);
PHY 53L-54L; OR
61L-62L; BIO 25L, BCH 227 .
Major
Requirements:
CHEM
117, 131/133L, 151L, 152L, 161/163L, 176 (or 165/167L, 166*)
plus PHR 150 and 160;
plus 2 semesters of independent
study (CHEM 191B**, 192** or PHR 297, 298).
Recommendations.
MATH
103, CHEM 180L*, BIO 151L, PHR 233, and 254.
*Majors who
wish to earn a B.S. degree in chemistry that is certified by the American
Chemical
Society
must include MATH 103 and CHEM 165, 167L, 166, 168L, and 180L.
**The independent study project must involve some
aspect of pharmacology.
B.S. DEGREE IN CHEMISTRY
WITH CONCENTRATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL
CHEMISTRY
In conjunction with the School for the Environment of Duke University the Chemistry Department is pleased to offer the B.S. degree in Chemistry with Concentration in Environmental Chemistry. Official recognition of the completion of the requirements given below will appear on the permanent transcript of a major.
Prerequisites:
CHEM
21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19;
MATH
31, 32 (or 31L, 32L or 41; and MATH 103 for those electing CHEM 165);
PHY 53L-54L; OR
61L-62L;
plus
BIO 25L, and ENV 160 OR CE 120L
Major
Requirements:
CHEM
117, 131/133L, 151L, 152L, 161/163L, 176 (or 165/167L, 166*);
Any
two of the following: ENV 179, 240, 242; 243;
plus one
of the following: CHEM 191B**, ENV 191 OR CE 197
Recommendations:
CHEM
180L*, 192; MATH 103, BIO 110L, ENV 192, 243, 298.02 or EOS 272.
___________________________________________________________________________________
*Majors who
wish to earn a B.S. degree in chemistry that is certified by the American
Chemical Society
must
include CHEM 165, 167L, 166, 168L, and 180L and BCH 227 .
**The independent study project must
involve some aspect of environmental chemistry.
SEQUENCE OF CORE COURSES FOR THE B.S. DEGREE IN CHEMISTRY
The
following is a typical schedule for the core and prerequisite courses for a
student who is seeking the B.S. degree and does not have advanced placement
credits in CHEM or MATH. The remaining
advanced courses are chosen from those listed in the
section entitled Major Requirements. (Courses in brackets [ ] represent
prerequisites required for the degree.)
Fall Spring
Fr CHEM 21L or 41L CHEM 22L or 42L
[MATH
31L] [MATH 32]
[PHY
61L]*
So CHEM 151L CHEM
152L
[PHY
62L]* [MATH 103]
[MATH 103]
Jr CHEM 165/167L CHEM
166/168L
Sr CHEM 131/133L CHEM
117
CHEM
180L
_______________
*PHY 61L (Spring) - 62L (Fall) may be
replaced by PHY 53L (Fall) - 54L (Spring).
Note: CHEM
165/167L is a prerequisite for most upper level chemistry course and usually
taken
in the junior year. Since PHY 61L and 62L are prerequisites for CHEM 165, Physics is norma