Early Detection of Cancers by Mass Spectrometry Based Approaches

Liyuan Ma

Department of Chemistry

Duke University

Abstract

Every year cancer deprives million life globally. Pre-symptomatic screening at the early stages of cancer growth could lead to a significant drop in cancer related mortality. From the point view of molecular biology, the success of the early detection of cancer depends largely on the availability of specific molecular markers that are uniquely associated with disease. Experimentally, several advanced techniques like two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry have been used widely to identify tumor-related biomarkers. In the presentation, I will briefly introduce the strategy of fighting cancer at molecular level, the current research technologies, with more emphasis on their advantages and liabilities. Meanwhile, much effort will be on the recent-developed surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SELDI), which is actually a ProteinChip-based mass spectrometry method. The new technique enables the rapid, sensitive and high throughput detection and simultaneous identification of the signature of disease-related proteins. At last, several examples using the new technique are demonstrated to show its application and power in clinical analysis. 

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